All about the ancient tribes
Among the many parts of a cell, the Golgi apparatus performs this job. It modifies and packages proteins and lipids made within the cell, and sends them out to where they are needed.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis of lipids and synthesis and transport of proteins. The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages different substances for secretion out of the cell, or for use within the cell. Vesicles are also used as chemical reaction chambers.
Cell Organelles
A | B |
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Golgi complex (body, apparatus) | This organelle packages proteins for transport out of a cell or for storage within the cell. |
nucleus | The control center for the cell. It contains the chromatin fibers – chromosomes. |
nucleoplasm | The fluid substance within the nucleus. |
Cell Parts and Transport Flashcards/Matching
A | B |
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organelles that make proteins | ribosomes |
organelle in plant cells that stores water and helps support the cell structure | central vacuole |
oganelle that packages and distributes proteins | golgi apparatus |
substance in the nucleus that contains genetic information | chromatin or DNA |
Ribosomes- Organelles that help in the synthesis of proteins. Ribosomes are made up of two parts, called subunits. Ribosomes are made of one large and one small subunit. While attached to the ER, ribosomes make proteins that the cell needs and also ones to be exported from the cell for work elsewhere in the body.
The ER moves proteins and other substances within eukaryotic cells. Vesicles that contain newly made proteins move through the cytoplasm from the ER to an organelle called the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi apparatus is a set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serve as the packaging and distribution center of the cell.
There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER): Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes, which gives it a “rough” appearance. These ribosomes make proteins that are then transported from the ER in small sacs called transport vesicles.
Cells
A | B |
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endoplasmic reticulum | interconnected network of thin, folded membranesthat produce, process, and distribute proteins |
ribosome | organelle that links amino acids together to form a protein |
golgi apparatus | stack of flat, membraneenclosed spaces containing enzymes that process, sort, and deliver proteins |
Carrier proteins and channel proteins are the two major classes of membrane transport proteins. Carrier proteins (also called carriers, permeases, or transporters) bind the specific solute to be transported and undergo a series of conformational changes to transfer the bound solute across the membrane (Figure 11-3).
The PLASMA MEMBRANE regulates what enters or leaves the cell. It is analogous to the shipping and receiving department of a factory. A cell can be thought of as a ” factory,” with different departments each performing specialized tasks. A cell’s plasma membrane regulates what enters or leaves the cell.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are also surrounded by membranes, but they have unusual membrane structures — specifically, each of these organelles has two surrounding membranes instead of just one. The outer membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts has pores that allow small molecules to pass easily.
Skin is your body’s fastest growing organ.
Mitochondria are tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from food. This process is known as cellular respiration. It is for this reason that mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell.
The information to produce a protein is encoded in the cell’s DNA. When a protein is produced, a copy of the DNA is made (called mRNA) and this copy is transported to a ribosome. Ribosomes read the information in the mRNA and use that information to assemble amino acids into a protein.