All about the ancient tribes
The Spanish verb ser is usually used to describe traits that are permanent. On the other hand, estar is used to refer to conditions that are temporary. As you go through this guide, think of the way in which the uses of ser are permanent and the uses of estar are temporary.
When not to use ser or estar: Age When we discuss someone’s age in English, we use the verb ‘to be’. In Spanish, to talk about your age, you ‘ll need the Spanish verb tener.
When to Use Ser Use Ser When Describing People or Things. Ser is used for both physical descriptions and character descriptions or personality traits. Use Ser to Describe a Person’s Occupation. Use Ser to Talk About Relationships. Use Ser to Talk About Possession. Use Ser to Talk About the Time.
Let’s distinguish between origin, location, and “to take place.” To describe origin, or where something is from, use ser. To describe location, or where something is located right now, use estar. To tell where an event is taking place, use ser.
Note: In Spanish, you use the verb hacer when talking about the weather. You cannot talk about the temperature or condition of the sky using the verbs ser or estar. You do, however, use estar with verbs like llover (to rain) and nevar (to snow), in the construction known as the present progressive.
Presente – Present Tense yo estoy – I am. tú estás – you are. vos estás – you (South American) are. él/ella/usted está – he/she/you (formal) are. nosotros/as estamos – we are. vosotros/as estáis – you (plural) are. ustedes están – you (plural) are. ellos/as están – they are.
Time with Ser Ser is used to talk about time expressions involving days, dates, and hours. Hoy es miércoles. Today is Wednesday.
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Pronoun | Present Tense Verb Form |
---|---|
Tú | eres |
Él, Ella, Usted | es |
Nosotros, Nosotras | somos |
Vosotros, vosotras | sois |
Use the verb ser with the adjectives to describe what someone or something is like. The form of ser agrees with the subject of the sentence. (we know the subject is tú) When the subject is singular the adjective will stay in the singular form. EXAMPLES: Yo soy inteligente.
Ser is used to talk about permanent or lasting attributes. If this general rule is too vague for you, think of the acronym DOCTOR, which stands for Descriptions, Occupations, Characteristics, Time, Origin, and Relationships.